Importance of algae as bio fertilizer production pdf

In production sections, pretreatment techniques and fermentation processes are explained in details. Application of bluegreen algae and mineral fertilizers. A biofertilizer also biofertilizer is a substance which contains living microorganisms which, when applied to seeds, plant surfaces, or soil, colonize the rhizosphere or the interior of the plant and promotes growth by increasing the supply or availability of primary nutrients to the host plant. In this study, potential of algae as a bioethanol feedstock, important steps of bioethanol production especially pretreatment techniques have been mentioned. Further research is needed regarding establishing biofertilizer act evaluation of biofertilizers based on agronomic, soil and economic concerns. Algae growth is often viewed as a problem, as it grows within backyard swimming pools and inhome fish tanks. The collective genome of rhizosphere microbial community enveloping plant roots is. Microbiological fertilizers are important to environment friendly stainable. Biofertilizer contains microorganisms which promote the adequate supply of nutrients to the host plants and ensure. The role of algae in pharmaceutical development open. According to agricultural microbiologist walter mulbry, cucumbers and corn seedlings grow just as well in algae infused soil as other industrial fertilizers. Bacteria and cynobacteria have the property of nitrogen fixation while mycorrhizal fungi. Biofertilizers improve soil texture and yield of plants. Biofertilizer mass cultivation of microbial inoculants.

Aulosira, anabaena, cylindrospermum, nostoc, plectonema, tolypothrix in the paddy fields was realized much earlier singh, 1961. Algaebased fertilizers have improved yields in rice at rates ranging between 10 and 45 %. Use of ecofriendly, biopesticides, biofertilizer and biocontrols is being encouraged in the field of agriculture. The runoff from the 777 fertilizer would keep the algae at a healthy amount for marine life. To attain the state of self sufficiency in agriculture production, the contribution of seeds of improved variety, fertilizer, irrigation water and plant conservation was significant. The invasive algae that float on ponds and lakes in southern connecticut near where i live and elsewhere could make great fertilizer. The oil contents of some microalgae are given in table 2.

Organic farming is an ecofriendly practice for sustainable agriculture which. The biofertilizer includes mainly the nitrogen fixing, phosphate solubilizing and plant growth promoting microorganisms goel et al. What makes grosswen technologies stand out is its patented algaeproduction technology known as the revolving algal biofilm rab system. Since then series of reports have been appeared emphasising their role in nitrogen cycle in general and rice field in particular. Many chemicals and products from algae have economic importance and are broadly used as it is a good source of fibre, minerals, antioxidants, vitamins, pigments, steroids, lectins, halogenated compounds, polysaccharides, proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids and other lipids. Whether a farm serves for subsistence or for commercial purposes, the farmer seeks a large and plentiful harvest. Biofertilizer are defined as preparations containing living cells or latent cells of efficient strains of. Biofertilizersimportance and uses linkedin slideshare. Large scale commercial production of crops faces several issues such. Importance of biofertilizer increasing harvest yields average increase crop yields by 20 to 30 percent. Chemical fertilizers are being used in increasing amounts in order to increase output in high yielding varieties of crop plants. Department of molecular and biotechnology rca udaipur. Effect on soil ph and chelation of soil elements 194.

The microorganisms which act as biofertilizers are bacteria, cyanobacteria blue green algae and mycorrhizal fungi. Seaweeds are used in many maritime countries as a source of food, for industrial applications and as a fertilizer. Cyanobacteria bga are playing a vital role to increase the. Biofertilizer bluegreen algae cyanobacteria biocyclopedia. Biopesticides like neem and bacillus based pesticides such as aureofungin, kasugamycin, validamycin, streptomycin and sulphate and tetracycline hydrochloride have been identified for controlling various insect pests and. A dried algae biomass is obtained ready to extract the high added value products out with the use of a green solvent. Biofertilizer bluegreen algae cyanobacteria role of the bluegreen algae e. Biofertilizers are microorganisms which bring about nutrient enrichment of soil by enhancing the availability of nutrients to crops. Its name refers to its shape, which looks like a netlike hollow sack figure 1. Algae as biofertilizer influences soil aggregation and soil porosity. Biofertilizers are natural fertilizes which are living microbial inoculants of bacteria, algae, fungi alone or in combination and they augment the availability of nutrients to the plants. In new system, algae cleans water, then transforms into. The agricultural importance of cyanobacteria in rice cultivation is directly related with their ability to fix nitrogen and other positive effects for plants and soil. Chlorophyta, brown algae phaeophyta, red algae rhodophyta and some filamentous bluegreen algae cyanobacteria.

Azolla fronds consist of sporophyte with a floating rhizome and small overlapping bilobed leaves and roots. Species of chlamydomonas, scenedesmus, chlorella and euglena are used in sewage treatment plants for providing through photosynthesis the oxygen necessary for rapid decomposition of the sewage by bacteria. Importance of biofertilizers in agriculture biotechnology. Methodology of nitrogen biofertilizer production unpublished b. Methods of cultivation following are the steps of mass cultivation of rhizobium.

To this end, biofertilizers on average increase crop yields by 20 to 30 percent. Biofuel algae can also be used to produce fuel, this will be discussed in chapter 6. Although the use of bga in rice production is a low. Major research should be focused upon the production of sustainable and efficient biofertilizers. In waterlogging condition, the cyanobacteria multiply, fix atmospheric n 2 and release it into the surroundings in the form of amino acids, proteins and other growth promoting. The algae growing on a pond or lake can make a backyard garden grow. Effect of algal biofertilizer on the vigna radiata semantic scholar. The following points highlight the top sixteen economic importance of algae. Biofertilizer being essential components of organic farming play. Biofertilizers function as key player in sustainable. Microalgae are very efficient solar energy converters and they can produce a great variety of metabolites. Significant increase in soil polysaccharides, dehydrogenase, urease, and phosphatase activities was recorded. It is estimated that the total energy required for the production of global ammonium fertilizers is equivalent to 2 million barrels of oil per day a nonrenewable resource.

Importance of biofertilizers in crop production ehow. Similar to land plants, algae are at the base of the food chain, and, given that plants are virtually absent from the oceans, the existence of nearly all marine lifeincluding whales, seals. The like bacteria, an autotrophic mode like eukaryotic plant cells. An overview of bioethanol production from algae intechopen. Rice growing areas in south east asia and other third world countries have recently been evincing increased interest in. Overall, the report provides an indepth insight of 20092014 global and china algae fertilizer industry covering all important parameters. As the agricultural sector focuses on research methods to find effective bio fertilizers which can promote crop yield and at the same time do not cause damage to the ecosystem. In new system, algae cleans water, then transforms into organic fertilizer. Effect of surface growth of inoculated bga on subsurface properties of a brown earth, silt loam soil was studied by rao and burns 29. Due to present power crisis and continuously depleting source of energy, the prices of chemical fertilizers are increasing at very fast pace. Oil supply is based on the theoretical claims that 47,0003,08,000 lhectareyear of oil. Certain types of macroalgae can be used for biofuel. A plant hormone and a biofertilizer or biostimulator from the algae biomass is produced. Algae, seaweeds, agriculture, biofertilizer, soil stabilizers.

Algae range from large complex marine forms called seaweed to minute unicellular picoplankton. Potential of biofertilizers in crop production in indian. Algae form organic food molecules from carbon dioxide and water through the process of photosynthesis, in which they capture energy from sunlight. This definition separates biofertilizer from organic fertilizer containing organic matter. Algae ecological and commercial importance britannica. Role of biofertilizer in agriculture linkedin slideshare. Biofertilizers are ecofriendly fertilizers, which are being used to improve the quality and fertility of the soil. Microbial functions newly suggested as biofertilizer numerous species of soil bacteria which flourish in the rhizosphere of plants, but which may grow in, on, or around plant tissues, stimulate plant growth. Most of the seaweeds are red 6000 species and the rest known are brown 2000 species or green 1200 species. Cyanobacteria play an important role to buildup soil fertility consequently increasing the yield.

Algae as biofertilizer influences soil aggregation and soil porosity 192. The role of biofertilizers in agriculture assumes special significance, particularly in the present context. Azolla is a freefloating water fern that floats in water and fixes atmospheric nitrogen in association with nitrogen fixing blue green alga anabaena azollae. They are beneficial to the soil, as they enrich the soil with microorganisms that help in producing organic nutrients, which in turn help the soil to fight diseases. Compared to chemical fertilizers, the cyanobacterial biofertilizer can act as supplements to fertilizer n contributing up to 30 kg n ha. Use of microbial bio fertilizers improves the soil structure by influencing the aggregation of the soil particles better. They destroy many harmful components present in the soil that causes many plant diseases. Effects of different fertilizers on algal development.

The advantage of algae being used in this process is that it can also be used as a fertilizer on land or as feed for animals. The first documented production of biofertilizers in the form of rhizobium in india was in 1934 by m. My public officials want to rid us of these algal masses by. They are grouped into freeliving bacteria azotobacter and azospirillium and the blue green algae and symbionts such as rhizobium, frankia and azolla gupta, 2004. Effects of manure enriched with algae chlorella vulgaris on soil. On the other hand, algae play an important role in agriculture. Methodology objective the specific objectives of the present work are to study the impact of biofertilizer use on agricultural production in india. Indian experience with algal ponds united nations university. Microalgae and cyanobacteria compared to other organisms are ecofriendly. Biofertilizers contain live or latent cells of efficient strains of phosphate solubilizing, nitrogen fixing or cellulolytic microorganisms used for the application to seeds, soil or composting areas 2, 3.

Algae and active bread yeast extract have a positive effect on fruit setting, yield and fruit quality jaswant et al. Cyanobacteria, or bluegreen algae, is one such example of a biofertilizer, a type of organic fertilizer which contains living organisms and harnesses naturally occurring inputs like solar energy, nitrogen, and water to ensure soil fertility and plant growth. The role of biofertilizers in agriculture assumes special significance, particularly in the present context of increased cost of chemical fertilizer and their hazardous effects on soil health. Co2 capture and nutrients recycling using a patented algae. The combined use of chemical and organic fertilizer and or biofertilizer for crop growth and soil fertility. Quality control systems to explore the benefits of plant microorganisms symbiosis. Importance and use of organic fertilizers in agricultural. Biofertilizers are ecofriendly and have been proved to be effective and economical alternate of chemical fertilizers with lesser. Sometimes considered a nuisance, when properly prepared, algae makes for a nutrientrich fertilizer. Recently, bioethanol production from algae is very new technology and open to.

Organic farmingproducts are becoming very necessary in todays world to control. Biofertilizer are microorganisms that help plants to grow by increasing the quantity of nutrients. Effect of algae extract and yeast application on growth. This problem has leads to the production of biofertilizers which are the cultures of microorganisms packed in a carrier material. The co2 absorbed is then converted into biomass in a high rate algae pond, using the digestate produced as nutrients source n, k, p. The packet of biofertilizers should not be kept in damp place and in bright sun. The algae systems can capture most of the phosphorus and nitrogen in runoff. Genetically modified algae with potential in sustainable agriculture 196.

Marine algae for agricultural sector for high yield journal of. Smit, what is the potential of marine algae, in combination with sewage sludge, as a composite of bio fertilizer. Biomass of microalgae in agriculture can be used also as bio fertilizer. Among biofertilizer benefiting the crop production are azotobacter, azospirillium, blue green algae, azolla, psolubilizing micro organisms, mycorrhizae and sinorhizobium hegde et al.

The rhizosphere, which is the narrow zone of soil surrounding plant roots, can comprise up to 10 11 microbial cells per gram of root and above 30,000 prokaryotic species that in general, improve plant productivity. Bluegreen algal extract excretes a great number of substances that influence. Biofertilizers are made from biological wastes and they do not contain any chemicals. Biofertilizers protect the environment from pollutants. Some of the important roles of biofertilizers in agriculture are. Algae as fertilizer organic gardening mother earth news. The energy crisis has driven fertilizer prices unrealistically high, dramatically illustrating the dependence of the worlds food crops on petroleumbased fertilizers. However, chemical fertilizers cause pollution of water bodies as well as ground water, besides getting stored in crop plants. Agricultural importance of algae african journal of biotechnology.